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3 Sheets-Sheet 1. THE YOUNGER.

(No Model.)-

J. VICARS, T. VIGARS 8v J. VICARS,

BAKBRS OVEN.

Patented May 30, 189.3.

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v ,fn-venza'r's W Z'ness es (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

J. VIGARS, T. VICARS 8v J. 'VIOARS, THE YOUNGER.

BAKBR'S OVBNi No. 498,335. Patented May 30, 1893.

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UNITED STATES- PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN VICARS, THOMAS VICARS, AND JOHN VIOARS THE YOUNGER, OF LIVERPOOL, ENGLAND.

BAKERS OVEN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 498,335, dated May 30, 1893.

Application filed September 19, 1892- Serial No. 446,317. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, JOHN VIoARs, THOMAS VIOARS, and JOHN VICARS the Younger, subjects of the Queen of Great Britain, residing at Liverpool, in the county of Lancaster, England, have invented a new and usefulImprovement in Bakers Ovens, of which the following is a specification.

Figure 1 Sheet 1 is a vertical longitudinal section. Figs. 2 and 3, Sheet 2, are horizontal sections at the lines A A and B B, and Figs. 4. and 5 are vertical transverse sections, at the lines 0. C. D. D., all of a bakers oven under our invention.

The invention relates to bakers ovens in which endless chains are fitted with pans or trays which carry the bread, cakes, or biscuits from the feed door to the rear of the oven and back again.

Hitherto there has been great difficulty in properly applying the top and bottom heat and for controlling the amount of moisture in the oven so as to insure proper baking during the time the articles to be baked remain in the oven.

NOW the object of our invention is to so construct an oven that the top and bottom heats and moisture are readily regulated and controlled and maintained.

a. is the oven. 12 is the main structure of brickwork. c is the fireplace for supplying bottom heat to the oven. The products of combustion-from the said fire place travel forward through a central flue, (1 under the oven bottom 6 then back through side flues f beneath the said oven bottom and finally past the dampers g through the cross flue h to the uptake '5.

j are cleaning doors for theflues. By means of the dampers g the force of the draft and thereby the bottom heat is readily regulated.

k is the fireplace for supplying top heat. The products of combustion pass from the fireplace it through a central flue Z into a cross flue m and thence by uptake n and elbow-flues 0 into the space 19 over the top 19 of the oven.

q are dampers in the uptakes n so that the amount of products of combustion passing up each uptake may be adjusted.

0" is a tongue for directing the flow of the products of combustion through the space'p as they leave the elbow flues 0. From the space 19 the products of combustion pass through dampers 3 into a cross'flue t and thence into the uptake 'i.

u are cleaning doors for the flues. The draft and amount of heat in the space 19 over the oven is controlled by the dampers s and q.

o. o are openings from each end of the oven leading into fiues w. w through which moisture from the oven escapes into the atmosphere; x as dampers for regulating the outflow of the moisture; y, door in front of the oven through which the pans or trays containing bread, cakes, or biscuits are placed into and removed from the oven; y, door for obtaining access to the back of the oven. The doors y y are raised and lowered by quadrant lovers 2' 2:.

For carrying the pans or trays through the oven,there are endless chains 1 passing around sprocket wheels 2 and resting on rails 3 secured to the sides of the ovens. The sprocket wheels 2 are carried on shaft 4 and are driven in the usual way. The chains 1 are provided at equal intervals withbearings 5 to which are pivoted immediately above the center thereof and between the chains, plates 6, from which depend balance Weights 7 eccentrically placed so as to cause the plates to be suspended in an inclined position with their upturned edges'S along the low side. By the above means the plates for carrying the pans or trays are wholly between the chains and may be placed quite close together Without interfering with one another by their oscillation which is not the case when they are suspended beneath the centers of the bearings. The pans or trays are slipped on to the plates 6 through the door y and are removed therefrom through the same door after traveling along the top of the oven to the back and along the bottom of the oven again to the front.

We claim- 1. The combination of the oven at with the fireplace c, flues d and f, dampers g, fireplace k, flues Z and m, uptakes n, elbow flucs 0, space p, dampers q and s, flue t and'uptake c'.

2. The combination of the oven a, with the In testimony whereof we have hereunto set fire place a, fines cl and f dampers g, fireplace our hands this 24th day of August, A, D. 1892.

70, fines Z and m uptakes n, elbow fines 0, space JOHN VIGARS. p, dampers q tongue '1', dampers s, flue t and THOMAS VIGARS. 5 uptake i. JOHN VIOARS THE YOUNGER.

3. The combination of the oven a with the Witnesses: fireplace c, fines cl and f, dampers g, fireplace GEORGE STOCKER, 7;,flnes Z and m, nptakes nelbow fines 0 space 56 Seel Si, Liverpool, Bookkeeper; p, dampers q and s,flne t, uptake 2' and clean- PETER FARR,

1o ing doors j and w. 77 llfaflcet Street, Ea rlestown, Oashz'er. 

